Some of these formulations have recently been recovered by a number of discourse analysts, among them Ian Parker, who successively outlined, elaborated and exemplified what he called Lacanian. The Freudian psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan (1901-1981) developed theoretical formulations on discourse that stand out for their originality, complexity and ground-breaking epistemological implications.
The argument will show how Freudo-Marxist questionings of these operations – many now forgotten – are still current and can be inspiring and enriching for a modern critique of psychotherapy. Following this, it briefly reviews seven paired analogous processes that were denounced by continuators of the Freudo-Marxist tradition: valorative moralisation and the psychologisation of the social (Fenichel) instinctual–rational deprivation and the mechanisation of the subject (Adorno) alienating performance and surplus repression (Marcuse) manipulation and dehumanising alienation (Fromm) abstraction and mythologising (Bleger) authoritarianism and suggestion (Caruso) and depoliticisation and rationalisation (Langer). and repressive adaptation and historical decontextualisation (Reich). The paper first analyses in detail six determinant ideological processes detected in psychotherapy that three pioneers of Freudo-Marxism criticised in the 1920s: dualistic scission and metaphysical immobilisation (Luria) idealist generalisation and mechanistic determination (Bernfeld).
The ideology of psychotherapy is questioned through critical concepts taken from the Freudo-Marxist tradition.
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